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Latex is a sticky, milky colloid drawn off by making incisions in the bark of the Pará rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) and collecting the fluid in vessels in a process called “tapping”. The latex then is refined into rubber ready for commercial processing.
In major areas, latex is allowed to coagulate in the collection cup. Concentrated Latex is derived from Field Latex and is processed using centrifuge methods. It contains 60% Dry Rubber Content (DRC). There are two main types of Concentrated Latex available in the market: High Ammonia or Standard Ammonia Concentrate (HA Latex) and Low Ammonia Concentrate (LATZ).
Requirements of ISO 2004 for centrifuged and creamed natural rubber latex concentrates:
| Centrifuged | ||
|---|---|---|
| HA | LA | |
| Total solids content, %, minimum¹ | 61.5 | 61.5 |
| Dry rubber content, %, minimum | 60.0 | 60.0 |
| Non-rubber solids, %, maximum² | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| Ammonia, % on latex | 0.6 | 0.29 |
| minimum | maximum | |
| Mechanical stablity, s, minimum³ | 650 | 650 |
| Coagulum content, %, maximum | 0.05 | 0.05 |
| Copper, ppm, maximum* | 8 | 8 |
| Manganese, ppm, maximum* | 8 | 8 |
| Sludge content, %, maximum | 0.10 | 0.10 |
| latile fany acid (VFA) number | As agreed between the interested parties but not to exceed 0.2 | |
| KOH number | As agreed between the interested parties but not to exceed 1.0 | |
| Colour | No pronounced blue or grey | |
| Odour° | No pronounced odour of putrefraction | |